Which opioid drugs can a midwife legally prescribe under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1975?

Under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1975, midwives in New Zealand are authorized to prescribe certain controlled substances, including specific opioid medications. Pethidine, morphine, and fentanyl fall under this category as they are recognized for their analgesic properties and their use in managing acute and chronic pain during childbirth or in the immediate postpartum period.

Pethidine is often utilized for its rapid onset of action during labor, while morphine is generally applied in a range of pain management scenarios, including post-operative care. Fentanyl, known for its potency and quick effect, is also suitable for use in acute pain management within a clinical setting. The legal framework allows midwives to ensure better pain relief options and to respond to the varied needs of their patients effectively.

The other choices represent opioids that midwives are not authorized to prescribe under the current legislative guidelines. Some may be more restricted due to their potential for misuse or they may not be included in the midwives' prescribing scope as outlined by health authorities. Therefore, the ability to prescribe pethidine, morphine, and fentanyl is aligned with the midwives' education and the scope of practice defined in New Zealand legislation.